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[音乐]柴可夫斯基的歌剧《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》片段 |
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FaHai [博客]
头衔: 海归少将 声望: 专家
加入时间: 2006/05/31 文章: 1424
海归分: 265152
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作者:FaHai 在 高山流水 发贴, 来自【海归网】 http://www.haiguinet.com
感恩节前有一天去参观一个位于波士顿的公司,在依山近林的停车场看见野的火鸡在车之间跑来跑去很好玩儿。我们这里从没有火鸡,后院的一个池塘常有狐狸来喝水,有一对鹿的在母子常在树下过夜。感恩节后一天早上看见远远角落里一堆灰色东西,印象中那边没有大石头,走近一看是一只死鹿, 心头一紧,奇怪从未见过老死蓬蒿的鹿。叫来了Animal Control, 一个老警察,验了伤说是挨了枪,从树林里跑来的。Hunting Season 开始了。好在不久后又看见了那对鹿母子,心里才安了。公司里开会聊天儿,一位说起身边的这些飞禽走兽,说你不能不说这是一个富裕的社会,到处都是肥硕的加拿大野鹅,就没人去抓。
这些天又听了柴可夫斯基的歌剧《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》片段,到社区图书馆一找,那CD就静静躺在那里。比存在家里还方便,家里的东西常有找不到的。你不能不说这是一个富裕的社会,到处井井有条。
如果你读过普希金的《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》(当然很少人能象全A生小乐那样读俄文原本,嫉妒),应该记得这个歌剧咏叹调的背景。
从1823年5月到1831年秋,普希金用了八年多的时间,写成了诗体小说《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》。在八年的写作过程中,普希金写好一章,发表一章,相隔很久后再写下一章。在写作过程中,普希金倾注了自己的精神,带进了自己的生活。“评论家认为奥涅金多少有普希金自己的影子,而这部长诗是普希金的诗体自传。
故事是贵族青年奥涅金,生活奢靡,又接受当时的时代气氛和进步的启蒙思想、受拜伦颂扬自由和个性解放的诗歌的影响,厌倦上流社会空虚无聊的生活,抱着对新的生活的渴望来到乡村,并试图从事农事改革。但是,华而不实的贵族教育没有给予他任何实际工作的能力,好逸恶劳的恶习又在他身上打下了深深的烙印,加之周围地主的非难和反对,奥涅金到头来仍处于无所事事、苦闷和彷徨的境地,在乡下的庄园,他和邻居连斯基及其未婚妻奥尔伽成为好友。奥尔伽的姐姐达吉雅娜纯朴、孤寂,她热烈地爱上了奥涅金 ,并勇敢地写信向他倾诉自己的爱情,奥涅金一番劝说拒绝了她。一次家庭宴会,感到一切都庸俗无聊的奥涅金故意向奥尔伽献殷勤,引起连斯基的愤怒并要求与他决斗,奥涅金在决斗中打死了自己的朋友。追悔莫及之余,奥涅金离开乡下出国漫游。几年后在圣彼得堡一个舞会上,奥涅金和已成为将军夫人的达吉雅娜重逢,发现自己深深爱上了她,但吉雅娜拒绝了他。
奥涅金和连斯基的决斗 俄罗斯画家列宾的画。完成《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》后六年,普希金自己的生命就结束在同样的决斗中。
普希金决斗去世以后40年,1877年5月,莫斯科大剧院歌手伊利莎维塔·拉芙洛芙斯卡娅(Елизаве́та Андре́евна Лавро́вская)提议柴可夫斯基,基于普希金的《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》,创作歌剧。柴氏在回忆录中写到,初认为这个主意是难以实现的。但很快柴氏的创作热情被激起,并在开始谱曲前一晚,已经规划好剧情与场景的安排。更在同年6月底几乎完成了全剧三分之二的创作。 至1878年1月全剧的创作完成。柴可夫斯基对奥涅金这个人物并不喜欢,他把全部热情放到达吉雅娜的塑造。第一幕达吉雅娜写信时的场景咏叹调:“让我死去,但先……”(Сцена письма: «Пускай погибну я, но прежде…» ) 是他最重视的一段,也是全剧的高潮。
一开始的前奏深沉广大,逐渐急促高亢,到达难以为继之刻,达吉雅娜的歌声和竖琴如瀑布喷涌而出,
TATIANA
Puskai pogibnu ya, no pryezhde -- Let me perish, but first
Ya v oslepitelnoi nadyezhde --let me summon, in dazzling hope,
Blazhenstvo tyomnoye zovu, --bliss as yet unknown.
Ya nyegu zhizni uznayu! -- that I shall know all life’s joys!
Ya pyu volshebni yad zhelani! --I drink the magic poison of desire,
Menya preslyeduyut mechti! --I am pursued by dreams:
Vezdye, vezdye peredo mnoi -- Everywhere, everywhere I look
Partes moi iskusitel rokovoi! -- I see my fatal tempter!
Vezdye, vezdye, on predo mnoyu! --Wherever I look, I see him!
(She writes quickly, but immediately tears up what she has written.)
Nyet, vsyo ne to! Nachnu snachala!… --No, that's all wrong! I'll begin again!?
(She reflects, then writes again.)
Akh, shto so mnoi, ya vsya goryu… --Ah, what’s the matter with me? I’m on fire!
Ne znayu, kak nachat! --I don’t know how to begin…
经过上面的一段犹豫徘徊,(2分26秒处) 音乐由木管与乐队对答,形成节奏鲜明的四个段落,好象一扇一扇接连推开的窗户。从中望出去仿佛草原森林,山岳河流,春夏秋冬,日月星辰。达吉雅娜的歌声加进来后,云气一样缭绕在重复的四扇窗间。歌声和乐队似乎各行其事,然后又复归一致。
(She writes. She stops and reads through what she has written.)
“Ya k vam pishu… chevo zhe bole? “ --I write to you—what else can I say?
Shto ya mogu yeshcho skazat’? --What more can I explain?
Tepyer ya znayu, v vashei vole --I know you have the power
Menya prezryenyem nakazat’! --to punish me with your scorn.
No vi, k moyei neschastnoi dole --But you will not desert me
Khot’ kaplyu zhalosti khranya, --and you will find a little pity
Vi ne ostavite menya. --for me in my unhappiness!
Snachala ya molchat’ khotyela; --At first I wanted to remain silent.
Povyerte, moyevo stida --Believe me: my shame
Vi ne uznali b nikogda, --would have remained unknown to you forever,
Nikogda!” --forever!”
O da, klyalas’ ya sokhranit’ v dushe --Oh yes, I had sworn to keep my ardent passion
Priznanye v strasti pilkoi i bezumnoi! --a secret locked within my heart.
Uvi! Ne v silakh ya vladyet’ svoyei dushoi! --But I can no longer subdue my heart!
Pust budet to, shto bit dolzhno so mnoi! --Let fate take its course,
Yemu priznayus ya! Smelyei! On vsyo uznayet! --I’ll confess to him! Courage! Let him know everything!
(She continues to write.)
(4分50秒处) 木管与乐队的对答又一次出现,这次达吉雅娜的歌声从第三扇窗打开时就加了进来,形成一个错位,十分生动。
“Zachem, zachem vi posetili nas? --“Why, oh why did you visit us?
V glushi zabitovo selyenya -- In this remote country district
Ya b nikogda ne znala vas, --I should never have met you,
Ne znala b gorkovo muchenya. --I’d never have known these heartaches.
Dushi neopitnoi volnyenya --Time would have soothed the emotions
Smiriv so el vryemenem (kak znat’?) --of the guileless heart and (who knows)
Po syerdtsu ya nashla bi druga, --I might have met someone to my liking,
Bila bi vyernaya supruga --have become a faithful wife
I dobrodyetel’naya mat’…” --and virtuous mother…”
(She sinks into meditation. Suddenly she recovers.)
Drugoi! Nyet, nikomu na svyete --Another!—No, I could not give my
Ne otdola bi syerdtsa ya! --heart to anyone else!
To v vishnem suzhdeno sovyete, --This has been decreed from above,
to volya nyeba: ya tvoya! --Heaven has willed it: I am yours!
Vsya zhizn’ moya bila zalagom --My whole life has been pledged
Svidan’ya vyernovo s toboi; --to this true meeting with you!
Ya znayu, ti mnye poslan bogom --I know that God has sent you to me,
Do groba ti khranitel’ moi! --you are my guardian ’til the grave!
Ti v snovidyen’yakh mnye yavlyalsa, --I saw you in my dreams,
Nezrimi, ti uzh bil mnye mil, --and yet unknown, I loved you!
Tvoi chudni vzglyad menya tomil, --I pined for your wonderful glance!
V dushe tvoi golos razdavalsa. --My soul has listened to your voice
Davno… Nyet eto bil ne son! --for years… No, this was no dream!
Ti chut’ voshol, ya vmig uznala, --The moment you entered, I knew you.
Vsya obomlyela, zapilala, --I swooned, I took fire,
I v mislyakh molvila: vot on! --and I said to myself: It is he!
Vot on! --It is he!
Ne pravda l’, ya tebya slikhala: --Was it not your voice that I heard
Ti govoril so mnoi v tishi, --when you spoke to me in the silence,
Kogda ya byednim pomogala, --when I helped the poor,
Ili molitvoi uslazhdala --or soothed my soul
Tosku dushi? --with prayers?
I v eto samoye mgnovenye --And at this moment,
Ne ti li, miloye vidyenye --was it not the dear vision of you
V prozrachnoi temnotye melknul, --that flashed through the transparent gloom,
Priniknuv tikho k izgolovyu --quietly nestling up to my bedside,
Ne ti l’, s otradoi i y lyubovyu --and with love and happiness
Slova nadyezhdi mnye shepnul? --whispered words of hope to me?
(She approaches the table and again sits down to write. She stops writing and muses thus.)
“Kto ti, moi angel li khranitel’ --“Who are you, my guardian angel
Ili kovarni iskusitel? --or an evil tempter?
Moyi somnyenya razreshi. --Disperse my doubts.
Bit mozhet, eto vsyo pustoye, --Perhaps this is all a vain dream,
Obman neopitnoi dushi, --the deception of an innocent hear,
I suzhdeno sovsyem inoye?” --and mine is to be a different fate?”
(Again she rises and walks about, musing.)
No tak i bit’! Sudbu moyu --Then so be it! My fate
Otnine ya tebye vruchayu, --I confide into your hands,
Pered toboyu slyozi lyu, --and in tears before you
Tvoyei zashchiti umolyayu, --I plead for your protection,
Umolyayu! I beg you for it!
Voobrazi: ya zdyes odna! --Imagine: I am alone here!
Nikto menya ne ponimayet! --No one understands me!
Rassudok moi iznemogayet, --I’m too exhausted to think,
I molcha gibnut’ ya dolzhna! --and I must perish in silence!
Ya zhdu tebya, --I wait for you,
Ya zhdu tebya! Yedinim slovom --I wait for you! With one word
Nadyezhdi serdtsa ozhivi, --you can revive my hopes,
Il’ son tyazholi perervi, --or shatter this dream
Uvi, zasluzhennim ukorom! --with well-merited scorn!
(Suddenly she goes to the table and quickly finishes the letter.)
Konchayu! Strashno perechest’, --I must end…I dare not read it through…
Stidom i strakhom zamirayu, --I could die for shame and fear…
No mnye porukoi chest’ evo, --but your honor is my safeguard,
I smyelo yei sebya vverayu! --and fearlessly I put my trust in it
歌唱家Anna Nertrebco
作者:FaHai 在 高山流水 发贴, 来自【海归网】 http://www.haiguinet.com
上一次由FaHai于2010-12-20 周一, 05:18修改,总共修改了5次
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- [音乐]柴可夫斯基的歌剧《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》片段 -- FaHai - (8213 Byte) 2010-12-20 周一, 01:38 (11433 reads)
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